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''Bacteroides melaninogenicus'' is a species of bacterium in the normal flora of the upper respiratory tract. It is an important human pathogen in various anaerobic infections, often mixed with other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.〔93. Brook, I.: “Anaerobic Infections Diagnosis and Management”. A Textbook. Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. New York. 2007. 〕 ''B. melaninogenicus'' is an anaerobic, Gram-negative rod, named for its black colonies, and black pigment. The name ''Bacteroides melaninogenicus'' was later changed to ''Prevotela melaninogenica''. Steroids may facilitate growth. ''Prevotella'' spp. are part of the normal human oral and vaginal flora and are the predominant anaerobic, Gram-negative bacilli recovered from anaerobic infections of the respiratory tract. These include aspiration pneumonia, lung abscesses, and chronic otitis media and sinusitis. They have been recovered also from abscesses and burns around the oral cavity, human bites, paronychia, urinary tract infection, brain abscesses, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia associated with upper respiratory tract infections. ''Prevotella'' spp. play a major role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and periodontal abscesses. The prevalence of ''P. melaninogenics'' is high in the dental plaque of persons with Down syndrome. This bacterium synthesizes collagenase in periodontal disease. ==See also== * ''Prevotella'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bacteroides melaninogenicus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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